Psalm 119- Meditations on the Law and the Spirit
Psalms 119:65-72 (NASB95)
65 TETH. You have dealt well with Your servant, O LORD, according to Your word.
66 Teach me good discernment and knowledge, For I believe in Your commandments. (James 1:5, Phil 1:9)
67 Before I was afflicted I went astray, But now I keep Your word. (Hb12:5-11)
68 You are good and do good; Teach me Your statutes. (Mt 5:45, Mt 19:17, Mk 10:18, Lk 18:19)
69 The arrogant have forged a lie against me; With all my heart I will observe Your precepts.
70 Their heart is covered with fat, But I delight in Your law. (Acts 28:27)
71 It is good for me that I was afflicted, That I may learn Your statutes.
72 The law of Your mouth is better to me Than thousands of gold and silver pieces.
Psalms 119:75 (NASB95)
I know, O LORD, that Your judgments are righteous, And that in faithfulness You have afflicted me. (Hb 12:10)
Psalms 119:64 (NASB95)
The earth is full of Your lovingkindness, O LORD; Teach me Your statutes. (Mt 11:29)
Psalm 119 was never one of my favorites. For one thing, it is very long, 176 verses. For another, it is all about the law. The title in NASB is “Meditations and Prayers Relating to the Law of God”. I started to rethink my attitude to Psalm 119 when I read “Bonhoeffer” a few years ago. When the NAZIs started to crack down on the German church prior to WWII, he used to walk from town to town in order to preach and teach. To pass the time, he would recite Psalm 119 from memory. I don’t know if he did it in German or Hebrew, but he could probably have done both! My my, I was having trouble reading this psalm but Bonhoeffer had it committed to memory. If such a great New Testament theologian thought it was important enough to memorize, then maybe I should look more closely at it.
For one, it is helpful to adjust our thinking when we read about the law in the Psalms. It is helpful to New Testament believers, at least to me, to think of “meditating on the law” as “Meditating on Jesus”, and “Obeying the statutes” as “Obeying the Holy Spirit”,. That puts a different light on the matter and helps us not to thing of the law as a dead dry thing, like the Pharisees did, but as a living thing that is with us and within us always in the form of the presence of the Holy Spirit.
I have chosen this Teth* section to illustrate the relationship between the Psalm and the New Testament. Note that I have included the cross references from various study Bibles to show where the teachings of this Psalm show up in the New Testament.
(*Side note: The section headers in this Psalm are the letters of the Hebrew alphabet, Aleph to Tav. This is a device to help one to memorize Psalm 119 in Hebrew. The first word in each section starts with the corresponding letter of the Hebrew alphabet.)
A prime example is verse 66 (You are good and do good) which is referred to by Jesus in Matthew 19:
Matthew 19:17
And He said to him, “Why are you asking Me about what is good? There is only One who is good; but if you wish to enter into life, keep the commandments.”
Jesus reminds the rich young ruler that the scriptures teach that God is good and if you want to please Him, you should keep the commandments. This is very much in line with the theme of Psalm 119. But sadly, the rich man could not fully comprehend what Jesus was saying and went away sorrowful.
Likewise, in Acts 28, Paul quoted the Old Testament in his message to some troublesome Roman Jews:
Acts 28:25-28
So when they did not agree among themselves, they departed after Paul had said one word: “The Holy Spirit spoke rightly through Isaiah the prophet to our fathers,
saying,
Go to this people and say:
“Hearing you will hear, and shall not understand;
And seeing you will see, and not perceive;
“Therefore let it be known to you that the salvation of God has been sent to the Gentiles, and they will hear it!”
This is a direct quote from Isaiah, but a similar thought is in Psalm 119:70
70 Their heart is covered with fat, But I delight in Your law.
Paul is making the particular point that the Jews had the law, but didn’t hear it. They didn’t delight in it, as the psalmist did, because their hearts were hard. New Testament believers, on the other hand, if they listen to the voice of the Holy Spirit will delight to do His will.
Another example is in verses 67 and 75:
67 Before I was afflicted I went astray, But now I keep Your word.
75 I know, O LORD, that Your judgments are righteous, And that in faithfulness You have afflicted me.
This is referred to by the writer of the book of Hebrews in chapter 12:
Hebrews 12:5-11
5 And you have forgotten the exhortation which speaks to you as to sons:
“My son, do not despise the chastening of the LORD, (Pr 3:11-12)
Nor be discouraged when you are rebuked by Him;
6 For whom the LORD loves He chastens,
And scourges every son whom He receives.” (ps 94:12)
7 If you endure chastening, God deals with you as with sons; for what son is there whom a father does not chasten? 8 But if you are without chastening, of which all have become partakers, then you are illegitimate and not sons. 9 Furthermore, we have had human fathers who corrected us, and we paid them respect. Shall we not much more readily be in subjection to the Father of spirits and live? 10 For they indeed for a few days chastened us as seemed best to them, but He for our profit, that we may be partakers of His holiness. 11 Now no chastening seems to be joyful for the present, but painful; nevertheless, afterward it yields the peaceable fruit of righteousness to those who have been trained by it.
The writer here is quoting Psalms and Proverbs, but the same thought is in Psalm 119. The New Testament amplification of the Old Testament teaching was that we should not be surprised by some hardship, but regard it as chastening from the Lord, who treats us like sons, and instructs us so that we may “yield the peaceable fruit of righteousness.”
There are many more examples, but from these you should be able to see that the New Testament explains and amplifies the teachings of the Old. The Old Covenant gave the law, but it didn’t give the Spirit, which enables us to joyfully obey. So remember, when you read the Psalms, to think with a New Covenant frame of mind, and think about how Jesus is revealed in the Psalms, and how the Holy Spirit lives in us and teaches us and motivates us to obey His word cheerfully. That produces the “peaceable fruit of righteousness” that brings joy and peace to our souls.